An International Journal Clinical Rhinology

Register      Login

VOLUME 9 , ISSUE 1 ( January-April, 2016 ) > List of Articles

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Anatomic Variations of the Nose in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Correlation between Nasal Endoscopic and Computerized Tomography Scan Findings and a Review of Literature

Priyanko Chakraborty, Rajiv K Jain, Purnima Joshi, Rakhi Kumari, Sidharth Pradhan

Keywords : Anatomic variation,Chronic rhinosinusitis,CT scan,Nasal endoscopy

Citation Information : Chakraborty P, Jain RK, Joshi P, Kumari R, Pradhan S. Anatomic Variations of the Nose in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Correlation between Nasal Endoscopic and Computerized Tomography Scan Findings and a Review of Literature. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016; 9 (1):13-17.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1255

Published Online: 01-04-2016

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2016; The Author(s).


Abstract

Background

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) refers to a group of disorders characterized by inflammation of the mucosa of the paranasal sinuses. Nasal endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) scans are successfully used as diagnostic modalities of nose and paranasal sinus diseases. There have been many studies regarding the anatomic variations leading to pathogenesis of paranasal sinus diseases. Considerable progress has been made in the medical and surgical control of these conditions; however, a large number of questions relating to the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of the diseases remain unanswered.

Materials and methods

The study included 82 clinically diagnosed cases of CRS who underwent CT scan and were advised to undergo diagnostic endoscopy. The anatomical findings of the nose were compared to see correlation between nasal endoscopy and CT scan.

Results

The mean age (±standard error of the mean) of presentation was 34.11 (±1.42) years, while most patients were from the age group of 18 to 30 years. Males were predominating the study group with 62.2%, while 37.8% were females. The most common anatomic variation was deviated nasal septum with 92.68% CT reported patients. This was followed by inferior turbinate hypertrophy, septal spur, concha bullosa, and agger nasi cells.

Conclusion

Computed tomography scan is considered the gold standard for sinonasal imaging. Diagnostic endoscopy and CT scan are a must prior to any functional endoscopic sinus surgery. They help in assessing the extent of sinus disease and to know the variations and vital relations of the paranasal sinuses. Computed tomography scan assists the surgeon as a “road map” during endoscopic sinus surgery.

How to cite this article

Chakraborty P, Jain RK, Joshi P, Kumari R, Pradhan S. Anatomic Variations of the Nose in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Correlation between Nasal Endoscopic and Computerized Tomography Scan Findings and a Review of Literature. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(1):13-17.


PDF Share
  1. The diagnosis and management of sinusitis: a practice parameter update. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005 Dec;116(Suppl 6):S13-S47.
  2. Clinical practice guideline on adult sinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007 Sep;137(3):365-377.
  3. Adult chronic rhinosinusitis: Definitions, diagnosis, epidemiology, and pathophysiology. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003 Sep;129(Suppl 3):S1-S32.
  4. Chronic rhinosinusitis in Europe -an underestimated disease. A GA(2) LEN study. Allergy 2011 Sep;66(9):1216-1223.
  5. Rhinosinusitis: Radiologic diagnosis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997 Sep;117(3 Pt 2):S27-S34.
  6. Staging for rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997 Sep;117(3 Pt 2):S35-S40.
  7. Severity staging in chronic sinusitis: are CT scan findings related to patient symptoms? Am J Rhinol 1999 May-Jun;13(3):161-167.
  8. Relationship between patient-based description of sinusitis and paranasal sinus computed tomographic findings. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997 Nov;123(11):1189-1192.
  9. Usefulness of patient symptoms and nasal endoscopy in the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis. Am J Rhinol 1998 May-Jun;12(3):167-171.
  10. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Indian J Otolaryngol 1991 Sep;43(2):126-129.
  11. Paranasal sinuses: CT imaging requirements for endoscopic surgery. Radiology 1987 Jun;163(3):769-775.
  12. CT of the paranasal sinuses: study of a coronal series in relation to endoscopic sinus surgery. J Laryngol Otol 1990 Jun;104(6):477-481.
  13. CT of paranasal sinuses and functional endoscopic sinus surgery: a critical analysis of 100 symptomatic patients. J Laryngol Otol 1991 Mar;105(3):181-185.
  14. Low dose CT in chronic sinusitis. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1999 Dec;52(1):17-22.
  15. Paranasal sinus bony anatomic variations and mucosal abnormalities: CT analysis forendoscopicsinussurgery. Laryngoscope 1991 Jan;101(1 Pt 1): 56-64.
  16. Coronal screening sinus CT in inflammatory sino-nasal disease. Indian J Radiol Imaging 1996 Feb;6(1):3-17.
  17. Concha bullosa: frequency and appearance on sinonasal CT. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1999 Dec;52(1):40-44.
  18. CT scan evaluation of the anatomical variations of the ostiomeatal complex. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009 Jul-Sep;61(3):163-168.
  19. The association of concha bullosa and deviated nasal septum with chronic rhinosinusitis in functional endoscopic sinus surgery patients. Med J Malaysia 2010 Jun;65(2):108-111.
  20. Headache and sinus disease the endoscopic approach. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1988 Sep-Oct;134:3-23.
  21. Preoperative imaging anatomy of nasal-ethmoid complex for functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Radiol Clin North Am 1993 Jan;31(1):1-20.
  22. Variations of ostiomeatal complex and its applied anatomy: a CT scan study. Indian J Sci Technol 2010 Aug;3(8):904-907.
  23. Anatomical variations in the human paranasal sinus region studied by CT. J Anat 2000 Aug;197(Pt 2):221-227.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.